Béchamel Sauce | How to Make Basic White Sauce

Béchamel sauce has French origin and has become part of Italian culinary tradition for a very long time. It’s also known as White Sauce or Mother Sauce because many sauces are prepared with béchamel as a base, such as Mornay, which is a somewhat richer version.  It is a smooth, white sauce made made with flour, milk, and butter.

Lasagna and Cannelloni would not exist without béchamel and some pasta recipes or vegetables au gratin require it.

You can buy ready-made béchamel sauce, but you have to know that homemade béchamel sauce is very easy and fast to make. The ingredients and the steps are few, just follow some rules.

Béchamel Sauce Recipe (Basic White Sauce)

Ingredients

Directions

White sauce ratio: the ingredients of this recipe are for 500ml of sauce. If you need a liter, doubled the ingredients. If you want a more liquid suauce, reduce the flour and butter (for example 30g and 30g).

IMPORTANT: the fat part (the butter) and the flour, according to the traditional recipe of béchamel sauce, must have the same weight.

You will need a stainless steel saucepan with high sides and a balloon whisk.

Step 1) – Get ready with all the ingredients. In a saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat.

Step 2) – Now add the flour, better if you use a flour sieve, in this way you are sure that no lumps are formed. Mix quickly (but very quickly) with a whisk. Stir until the mixture is smooth and without lumps. This is the time when you have to be more careful. Cook for 1 minute so the flour becomes tastier and absorb the fats. The mixture of butter and flour is called roux and it should be a nice golden color; you can even use it to thicken other sauces or gravy. Then add the milk while stirring. The milk has to be at room temperature or slightly warm, but not hot. While pouring the milk, stir very quickly.

Step 3) – Cook mixing until a fairly thick consistency (about 10/15 minutes). The sauce is ready when it sticks to the spoon. At the end of cooking, add a pinch of salt and grated nutmeg.

Step 4) –  For an even richer flavor, add a little Parmigiano reggiano cheese (optional). Béchamel sauce is ready to use.

Storing Béchamel Sauce

You can make a bechamel sauce ahead of time. So once cold, it can be kept in the refrigerator, closed in an airtight container, for a maximum of 2-3 days.

The best thing to do is to transfer the bechamel into a bowl and cover it with cling film that is in contact with tit. Otherwise, a denser layer will form on the surface. If this happens, remove it. In fact, if you break it and mix it with the rest of the white sauce, you’ll have many small clumps of clotted bechamel.

Béchamel sauce can be frozen for about 1 month.

How to Reheat Béchamel Sauce

If necessary, you can reheat the white sauce in a saucepan over low heat: it’ll return smooth and creamy just working it with the whips of an electric mixer; you can add a little milk to make it more fluid.

Béchamel White Sauce Consistency

With this recipe you get an average density. If you prefer a more liquid bechamel, decrease the dose of butter and flour; for a thicker béchamel instead, increase the dose of butter and flour. If lumps form in the béchamel sauce just filter it with a colander.

Summing Up (for 500 ml of milk):

• runny bechamel: 30 g (1 oz) of flour + 30 g (1 oz) of butter
• classic bechamel: 50 g (1,7oz) of flour + 50 g (1,7oz) of butter
• thick bechamel: 70 g (2,40 oz) of flour + 70 g (2,40 oz) of butter

Vegan Béchamel Sauce

To make a vegan béchamel, you can replace the butter with olive or seed oil and cow’s milk with a vegetable milk of your choice.